Roman Numerals Converter
Free Roman numerals converter and translator. Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals to numbers instantly — supports values from 1 to 3999, with full chart and rules.
About this tool
With this tool, you can convert Roman numerals to their equivalent in Arabic numbers and vice versa. Just enter the value you wish to convert and click the button corresponding to the desired conversion. Whether for students, teachers, or anyone who wants a quick conversion, this tool makes it simple.
What Are Roman Numerals?
Roman numerals are a numeral system developed in ancient Rome and used throughout Europe until the late Middle Ages. Instead of digits 0-9, it uses 7 capital Latin letters to represent numeric values.
7 Basic Roman Symbols
Key Formation Rules
- Addition Rule:When a smaller symbol comes after a larger one, they are added together (e.g. VI = 5 + 1 = 6).
- Subtraction Rule:When a smaller symbol comes before a larger one, it is subtracted (e.g. IV = 5 - 1 = 4, IX = 10 - 1 = 9).
- Repetition Rule:The symbols I, X, C, and M can be repeated consecutively up to 3 times (e.g. III = 3, XXX = 30). V, L, and D are never repeated.
Use Cases
- History & EducationDecode dates on historical monuments, research papers, and classical literature.
- Architecture & DesignUse Roman numerals for stylish clock faces, building year markers, and chapter headings.
How It Works
Enter Value
Type an Arabic number (e.g. 2024) or a Roman numeral (e.g. MMXXIV).
Convert
Click 'Convert to Roman' or 'Convert from Roman' depending on your input.
Copy
Use the copy button to send the converted result to your clipboard.
Questions & Answers
Standard Roman numerals use M (1000) as the largest symbol. While larger numbers can be represented with bars (vinculum), most standard systems and this tool focus on the 1-3999 range used in common applications.
Symbols are usually added (XVI = 10+5+1 = 16). However, if a smaller symbol appears before a larger one, it is subtracted (IV = 5-1 = 4, IX = 10-1 = 9).